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| CCMRCF Home | Documentation | Instructions |
Burning CDs on our linux computers is actually quite easy. You just need to follow these general steps:
In general, there are two types of CD images. You can recognize the two different types by the file name extension, one of .iso or .bin
While we will not go into the differences between the two image types in this document, suffice it to say that in general, if you are simply burning a bunch of files you will use a .iso image. If you are burning a VCD or SVCD, you will in general use a .bin image. Of course, if you are given the image from say, a website, then you take what you get.
If you already have your image created or have downloaded it from someplace, then just skip ahead to the burning section for that type of image (Burning an ISO or Burning a BIN).
As we indicated earlier, ISO images are generally used to burn files to a CD. To create the ISO image, use the following steps:
mkdir /a/afsusername/iso
cd /a/afsusername mkisofs -r -o myiso.iso /a/afsusername/iso
You will now have a file: /a/afsusername/myiso.iso -- this is the file you will burn.
This section under construction awaiting installation of vcdimager
As we indicated earlier, BIN images are generally used to burn MPEG video files to a cd in formats known as either VCD or SVCD. Before you can create the BIN image, you must first create an MPEG file which is VCD or SVCD compliant.
Once you have your VCD or SVCD compliant MPEGs ready, check the filenames if creating a multiple track VCD/SVCD. The files should be named so that an ls file*.mpg causes the files to be listed in the correct order. For example, if you were creating a three track cd, you could name your files track1.mpg, track2.mpg, track3.mpg If your cd will only contain one track, then the filename does not matter.
mkdir /a/afsusername/mpegs
vcdimager
Most of our computers have two CD/DVD drives in them. One is a DVD-Rom and only reads CDs and DVDs. The other is either a CD-R/RW drive or a DVD-R/RW drive (which will also write CD-Rs and CD-RWs). The drives are labeled as to which. The writable drives will either say R/RW, something like 48x12x6, or Rewritable on them. Note which drive this is and the brand/model (if on the drive).
Now, type in the following command:
cdrecord -scanbus
Cdrecord 1.10 (i686-pc-linux-gnu) Copyright (C) 1995-2001 Jšrg Schilling
Linux sg driver version: 3.1.24
Using libscg version 'schily-0.5'
scsibus0:
0,0,0 0) 'LITE-ON ' 'LTR-48125W ' 'VS04' Removable CD-ROM
0,1,0 1) 'SAMSUNG ' 'DVD-ROM SD-616Q ' 'F401' Removable CD-ROM
0,2,0 2) *
0,3,0 3) *
0,4,0 4) *
0,5,0 5) *
0,6,0 6) *
0,7,0 7) *
The above output shows that two scsi devices were found. Device 0,0,0 is a Lite-On LTR-48125W while device 0,1,0 is a Samsung DVD-ROM. In this case, we want to use the Lite-On and not the Samsung to write the CD (as the Samsung is a DVD-ROM which is not a writable drive). You would be able to confirm this by looking at the label on the drives themselves and noting that the Samsung was not labeled as a writable drive.
Note the device number of the writable drive. In the above example, this is the 0,0,0 which is the Lite-On drive.
Before you burn the image, ensure the following:
Assuming your iso is named and located as above and assuming that the writable CD drive is device 0,0,0, use the following command to burn the CD:
cdrecord dev=0,0,0 speed=48 -v /a/afsusername/myiso.iso
You will see status indicating how far along the burn is and if there are problems. Once the burn has completed, you should verify that your burn was successful
BIN images actually involve two files. The first is the file ending in a .bin extension. The second is a file of the same name ending in .cue instead of .bin. The .cue file is a file which tells the CD writer how to write the contents of the .bin file to the blank CD.
Before you burn the image, ensure the following:
To burn the above image (assuming that the CD writer is device 0,0,0), you would use the following commands:
cd /a/afsusername cdrdao write --device 0,0,0 --speed 48 cdimage.cue
Note that we passed the file ending in .cue and not the file ending in .bin to the cdrdao command.
You will see status indicating how far along the burn is and if there are problems. Once the burn has completed, you should verify that your burn was successful
If you burned an ISO image, then you can verify the success of your burn by taking the burned CD out of the CD writer and inserting it into the DVD-ROM drive. Once you have done this, issue the following command to mount the cd:
mount /mnt/cdrom
Now,
cd /mnt/cdromand make sure everything is there that should be there and that the contents of the various files seem to be intact. Once you have verified this unmount the cd:
cd ~ umount /mnt/cdromand eject the cd.
If you burned a BIN image, we do not have the software installed to verify this burn. If your BIN consisted of a VCD or SVCD, we suggest finding a DVD player that is capable of playing these types of discs.
Once verification is complete, remember to clean up your files in /a/afsusername.